For centuries a misconception has persisted, pitting Islam against feminism. But the truth is that Islamic practices and ideology since its inception have been the strongest advocate of women’s rights. In this article, we will delve into the Quran, Hadith, and Prophet Muhammad’s (SAW) life practices (Sunnah) to uncover the evidence that debunks this myth.

Defining Feminism and the Islamic School of Thought on Women’s Rights
According to Cambridge Dictionary the term ‘feminism’ is defined as “the belief that women should be allowed the same rights, power, and opportunities as men and be treated in the same way.” After thoroughly excavating the teachings of Islam and the practices of Prophet Muhammad (SAW), I firmly believe that Islam inherently is supportive of women. It protects, safeguards, and empowers women, granting them equal opportunities to participate in society all while granting them the same honor as men if not more.
The Pre-Islamic Era: A Dark Age for Women
Imagine living in a time when baby girls were buried alive, simply because of their gender, and women were treated like commodities rather than human beings, with no say in their own lives—no rights, no inheritance, no freedom. This was the harsh reality of pre-Islamic Arabia. But then, everything changed.
Prophet Muhammad(SAW) Revolutionary Advocate for Women’s Rights
Prophet Muhammad (SAW) courageously abolished the practices such as female infanticide. The Quran condemns acts of brutality and injustice, particularly those that harm the innocent, emphasising the gravity of such actions by questioning the rationale behind them. It highlights the moral responsibility of individuals and societies to protect the vulnerable and uphold justice. The Prophet (SAW) transformed societal attitudes by declaring the birth of a daughter a blessing (Hadith), uplifting women from being objectified and treated as property, to dignified individuals with divinely ordained rights.
Surah Al-Nisa: A Divine Charter for Women's Rights
Surah Al-Nisa (The Women) in the Quran is a powerful chapter dedicated to women's rights and 

roles. It emphasises their equality with men and outlines their rights to inheritance, marriage, and protection. It further stresses the importance of respect and dignity and guides family relationships and social justice, advocating for the well-being and empowerment of women. Before Islam, women lacked legal autonomy, but Prophet Muhammad SAW granted them civil rights as per Allah's (SWT) commandments.

The teachings emphasise the rights of women to own and retain the property, ensuring their financial independence. Women are entitled to keep their dowry as personal wealth and have the autonomy to make significant life decisions, such as initiating divorce. In the context of marriage, the consent of women is mandated, and the dowry is directed to the bride herself, rather than to her family. This framework underscores the importance of financial security and agency for women. Additionally, inheritance rights were established as a progressive reform for their time. While the distribution of shares may differ, this distinction is tied to specific financial responsibilities rather than reflecting unequal worth. These principles collectively highlight a commitment to safeguarding women's rights and dignity. Moreover, Islamic inheritance law is guided by the principles of fairness and social responsibility. Men's larger share is primarily due to their obligation to provide for their families, covering expenses like housing, food, and clothing for their wives, children, and, in some cases, extended family members. On the other hand, women retain full control over their wealth and inheritances, with no obligation to spend it on family needs. This ensures their financial security and independence. For the first time, women were granted the right to inherit property, a principle explicitly supported in religious texts, which affirm that both men and women are entitled to a share of what their parents and close relatives leave behind.
Prophet Muhammad (SAW) as a Role Model for Gender Justice
ProMuhammad’s (SAW) personal life modeled compassion. He helped with household chores, saying, “The best of you are those who are the best to their wives”.
His 25-year monogamous marriage to Khadijah (RA)—a wealthy merchant and his supporter by all means defied norms. After her death, most of his subsequent marriages were acts of mercy; sheltering widows, divorcées, and war captives. His union with Aisha (RA), a scholar, ensured her pivotal role in preserving Hadith.
In his Farewell Sermon, he reminded men:
“Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers”. His wives, like Umm Salamah(RA), later helped compile the Quran, ensuring its preservation. Each surah (except Surah 9) begins with Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim—“In the Name of God, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful” (Quran 1:1). The word "Rahim," which means "mercy" in Arabic, actually comes from the same root word as "womb." This connection reminds us that Allah's mercy is like a mother's love, it's a universal feeling that goes beyond any specific gender. So, when we think of Allah's mercy, we can imagine it as a kind and nurturing force, like a mother caring for her child. Misogyny contradicts Islam’s core message. The Quran and Prophet Muhammad’s (SAW) example elevated women in a time of oppression, granting them dignity, autonomy, and spiritual equality.
Reclaiming Islam’s True Legacy: A Call to Action
Today, Muslim feminists reclaim this legacy, urging a return to the Quran’s vision of justice and balance. For far too long, the notion has persisted that Islam and feminism are mutually exclusive. However, this couldn't be further from the truth. In reality, Islam and feminism share a common goal: Achieving gender equality and promoting women's rights. To understand Islam's true stance on women's rights, it's essential to return to the Quran and authentic teachings. A closer examination of Islamic scripture reveals a profound emphasis on justice, equality, and compassion. The Quran affirms women's autonomy, dignity, and agency, while also acknowledging their integral role in society. So, what's driving the misconception that Islam is inherently patriarchal? The answer lies in cultural and societal distortions that have misrepresented Islamic teachings. It is time to challenge these stereotypes and reclaim the true spirit of Islam.
Here's a call to action:

• Let's educate ourselves about Islam and its rich history.
• Let's challenge stereotypes and misconceptions that perpetuate gender inequality.
• Let's support efforts to empower women within an Islamic framework.

Together, we can create a more inclusive, equitable world that honors the divine principles of justice and compassion. A world where Islam and feminism not only coexist but thrive together.

The writer is a graduate of King Edward Medical University. With a diverse medical background, she has practiced medicine in various capacities, serving at TFWC Kohat and Petaro, and holding the position of Medical Officer in charge at RHC, Fort Abbas. Currently, she works as an educator at SCIL (School for Contemporary and Islamic Learning) and is a humble teacher and student of the Quran and Hadith.
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