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Hilal English

Youm-e-Shuhada-e-Kashmir: A Vital Milestone in Kashmir's Freedom Struggle

August 2023

Kashmir and Pakistan are knitted in an inseparable bond of love and mutual respect. The legacy of this adoration is not new, but dates back to the day of its inception. This relationship is based on the same religion, culture and civilization, besides social and economic ties. Apart from these ties, Kashmir and Pakistan are geographically inseparable with the Two-nation Theory ideology.  
Every year, July 13 is observed as Kashmir Martyrs’ Day around the globe in memory of 22 Kashmiri youth who embraced martyrdom on July 13, 1931, and all other Kashmiris who sacrificed their lives in the freedom struggle. On April 19, 1931, the ban of ‘Eid khutbah (sermon)’ ignited widespread demonstrations in Jammu city for a number of days. It was followed by the desecration of the Holy Quran at the hands of Dogra forces, which resulted in outrage among the Muslims throughout the state.  
A protest procession was organized, and a wave of anger spread among the Muslims of the entire state. Special adviser of Maharaja Hari Singh, Mr. George Edward Campbell Wakefield, came to Jammu to settle the issue. He advised the Muslims to meet Maharaja Hari Singh in the form of a delegation. At the end of the meeting, a young man, Abdul Qadeer, stood up, addressed the audience, and said, “Muslims!  Now the time has come to answer the brick with stone. Get up and stand strong against oppression.” On June 25, Abdul Qadeer was arrested, and a sedition case started in the court of Sessions Judge. The next day, on July 13, thousands of people thronged the Central Jail Srinagar to witness the trial of Abdul Qadeer. As the time for obligatory prayer came, a young Kashmiri, Abdul Khaliq Shora, stood for azan (call to prayer). The Dogra Governor ordered soldiers to open fire on him. When he got martyred, another young man took his place and started azan, who was also shot dead. In this way, 22 Kashmiris embraced martyrdom to complete the azan. According to the records collected by a Kashmiri writer and historian, Dr. Ashraf Kashmiri1, the names of these 22 Kashmiri youths are as follows:
One of the injured said to Sheikh Abdullah, who was there before taking the last breath, "Sheikh Sahib! We have done our duty, now it is your responsibility." The people carried the martyrs’ bodies and paraded through the streets of Srinagar, chanting slogans against Dogra's brutalities. Since 1931, the seed of liberation of Kashmir has been sowed by Kashmiris from the illegal occupation of Dogra and Indian Samraaj.
However, Kashmiris’ continued resistance to India’s illegal occupation is reaffirmed by the observance of their freedom struggle on July 13 each year on Kashmir Martyrs’ Day. This makes Youm-e-Shuhada-e-Kashmir the perfect day for the people of Jammu and Kashmir to look for motivation to bring their freedom struggle to its logical conclusion.


1.  Dr. Ashraf Zain ul Abideen Kashmiri, July 13, 1931: A History of Martyrs’ Day